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Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
Published on: December 14, 2011
Body composition and muscular strength changes after moderate activity: association with matrix metalloproteinase
N Fiotti1, E Deiuri, N Altamura
1SC Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Trieste, Italy. fiotti@units.it
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|October 20, 2009
Summary
Specific matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene variations influence how elderly women improve body composition and muscle strength through exercise. Certain MMP-1 and MMP-9 genotypes are linked to greater gains in body cell mass and maximal strength.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Human Genetics
- Skeletal Muscle Biology
Background:
- Skeletal muscle remodeling is influenced by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
- Functional genetic polymorphisms (PM) in MMPs may affect exercise-induced adaptations in body composition and muscular strength.
- Understanding these genetic influences is crucial for optimizing exercise interventions in older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and changes in body composition and muscular strength following a physical exercise program in elderly women.
- To determine if specific MMP genotypes are linked to enhanced improvements in body cell mass (BCM), extracellular water (ECW), and maximal extensor strength (MES).
Main Methods:
- Seventeen sedentary elderly women participated in a 24-week physical exercise program.
- Genetic polymorphisms in MMP-1 (-1607 G+/-), MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A), and MMP-9 (-90 (CA)n microsatellites) were analyzed.
- Body cell mass (BCM), extracellular water (ECW), and isometric maximal extensor strength (MES) were measured before and after the intervention.
Main Results:
- The exercise program led to significant increases in BCM (12%) and MES (72%), and a reduction in ECW (11%).
- MMP-1 G-insertion carriers showed greater BCM increases and ECW loss compared to non-carriers.
- Individuals with shorter MMP-9 microsatellites (≤21 CA repeats) achieved greater MES gains than those with longer repeats. MMP-3 genotype showed no significant association.
Conclusions:
- Exercise effectively improves body composition and muscular strength in elderly women.
- Specific genotypes of MMP-1 and MMP-9 are associated with differential responses to exercise-related improvements in BCM, ECW, and MES.
- These findings suggest a genetic predisposition influencing exercise adaptation in older women.
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