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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Coronary Circulation01:21

Coronary Circulation

The heart, an organ critical to survival, gets nourishment not from the blood it pumps but from a separate circulation system known as coronary circulation. This is the shortest circulation in the body and is responsible for supplying the heart with the nutrients it needs to function effectively.
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit
07:04

Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit

Published on: April 15, 2021

Coronary bifurcation lesions.

S K Sharma1, A M Mareş, A S Kini

  • 1Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Minerva Cardioangiologica
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Coronary bifurcation lesions are complex interventions with higher risks. Drug-eluting stents improve outcomes, but side branch restenosis remains a challenge, prompting exploration of advanced two-stent techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Coronary bifurcations are susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque due to altered hemodynamics.
  • These lesions constitute 15-20% of interventions and pose treatment challenges.
  • True bifurcation lesions involve significant obstruction in both main and side branches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges and advances in treating coronary bifurcation lesions.
  • To evaluate the impact of drug-eluting stents (DES) on bifurcation interventions.
  • To discuss current strategies and emerging techniques for managing side branch issues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on coronary bifurcation interventions.
  • Analysis of outcomes associated with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in bifurcations.

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Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
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Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit
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Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit

Published on: April 15, 2021

Evaluation of a Novel Laser-assisted Coronary Anastomotic Connector - the Trinity Clip - in a Porcine Off-pump Bypass Model
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Evaluation of a Novel Laser-assisted Coronary Anastomotic Connector - the Trinity Clip - in a Porcine Off-pump Bypass Model

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  • Comparison of provisional stenting with two-stent techniques in the context of DES.

    • Main Results:

    • Bifurcation interventions have lower procedural success rates and higher costs than non-bifurcation interventions.
    • DES have reduced main vessel restenosis but side branch ostial stenosis and restenosis persist.
    • Two-stent techniques are emerging as alternatives for large side branches.

    Conclusions:

    • Coronary bifurcation PCI remains challenging despite advances.
    • DES have improved overall outcomes, yet side branch management requires further optimization.
    • Ongoing research focuses on refining techniques to address residual side branch stenosis and restenosis.