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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors
08:45

Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors

Published on: July 17, 2020

[Structural feature and biological function of PPP2R5C gene].

Yang-Qiu Li, Yu-Bing Zhou, Li-Jian Yang

    Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
    |October 21, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit PPP2R5C is crucial for cell functions. Altered PPP2R5C expression links to malignant transformation and cancer progression, suggesting its role as a cancer marker.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a key regulator of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and transformation.
    • PPP2R5C, a regulatory subunit of PP2A, influences these processes by mediating the dephosphorylation of P53.
    • Aberrant expression of PPP2R5C has been observed in malignant transformations.

    Discussion:

    • The gene structure and biological functions of PPP2R5C are critical for understanding its role in cellular regulation.
    • PPP2R5C's involvement in P53 dephosphorylation highlights its significance in cell cycle control and tumor suppression.
    • The association of altered PPP2R5C expression with malignant transformation suggests its potential as a biomarker.

    Key Insights:

    • PPP2R5C plays a vital role in the PP2A complex, impacting fundamental cellular activities.

    More Related Videos

    A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors
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    A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors

    Published on: April 29, 2022

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors
    08:45

    Assessing Cellular Target Engagement by SHP2 (PTPN11) Phosphatase Inhibitors

    Published on: July 17, 2020

    A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors
    10:17

    A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach to Identify Phosphoprotein Phosphatases and their Interactors

    Published on: April 29, 2022

  • Dephosphorylation of P53 by PP2A, influenced by PPP2R5C, is a critical mechanism in cell fate determination.
  • PPP2R5C is implicated as a potential marker for progressive diseases, particularly in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).

    • Outlook:

    • Further research into PPP2R5C's gene structure and function can elucidate its precise mechanisms in cancer development.
    • Investigating PPP2R5C as a diagnostic or prognostic marker could improve cancer patient management.
    • Understanding the link between PPP2R5C and cancer genesis may reveal new therapeutic targets.