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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Published on: April 1, 2020

Electro-optic phase modulation in a silica channel waveguide.

A C Liu, M J Digonnet, G S Kino

    Optics Letters
    |October 22, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers demonstrated electro-optic phase modulation in fused-silica channel waveguides for the first time. This was achieved by inducing nonlinearity via temperature poling in an electron-beam irradiated waveguide.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical engineering
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Fused-silica waveguides are essential for integrated optics.
    • Achieving efficient electro-optic modulation in silica-based materials has been a significant challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate electro-optic phase modulation in a fused-silica channel waveguide.
    • To explore a novel method for inducing optical nonlinearity in silica.

    Main Methods:

    • Electron-beam irradiation of a fused-silica channel waveguide.
    • Elevated temperature poling to induce nonlinear optical properties.
    • Measurement of phase shift under an applied electric field at 633 nm.

    Main Results:

    • First demonstration of electro-optic phase modulation in fused-silica channel waveguides.

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    Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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    Published on: April 1, 2020

    Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
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    Published on: February 6, 2014

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  • A phase shift of 32 mrad was achieved over a 4.8 mm interaction length.
  • An applied electric field of 7.3 V/microm was sufficient to induce the observed phase shift.

    • Conclusions:

    • This work establishes a new pathway for developing electro-optic devices in fused silica.
    • The technique of temperature poling of irradiated waveguides offers a promising route for nonlinear optical applications.
    • Further research could optimize the process for enhanced modulation efficiency.