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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

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Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis
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Published on: November 12, 2015

Intraocular pressure in keratoconus.

Scott A Read1, Michael J Collins

  • 1Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, School of Optometry, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. sa.read@qut.edu.au

Acta Ophthalmologica
|October 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) offers reliable intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements in keratoconus patients, unaffected by corneal changes. Non-contact tonometry (NCT) IOP readings are significantly influenced by keratoconus severity.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Corneal Biomechanics

Background:

  • Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia affecting visual acuity.
  • Accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is crucial for glaucoma management, but corneal abnormalities in keratoconus can affect tonometry accuracy.
  • Dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and non-contact tonometry (NCT) are common methods for IOP assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and non-contact tonometry (NCT) in individuals with keratoconus.
  • To investigate the influence of keratoconus severity on IOP readings obtained from DCT and NCT.

Main Methods:

  • IOP was measured in 20 keratoconus patients and 20 age-matched controls using both DCT and NCT.
  • DCT measurements were taken centrally and peripherally to assess systematic errors related to corneal biomechanics.
  • Anterior/posterior corneal topography and thickness were quantified for each participant.

Main Results:

  • DCT IOP readings showed no significant difference between keratoconus subjects and controls, nor between central and off-center measurements.
  • NCT IOP readings were significantly lower in keratoconus subjects compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • DCT IOP did not correlate with keratoconus severity, while NCT IOP showed significant correlations with corneal curvature and thickness, with greater discrepancies in advanced cases.

Conclusions:

  • DCT provides IOP measurements that are independent of corneal biomechanical factors and keratoconus severity.
  • NCT IOP measurements are significantly affected by the presence and severity of keratoconus, potentially leading to underestimation.
  • DCT may be a more reliable tool for IOP assessment in patients with corneal irregularities like keratoconus.