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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Cognitive training and plasticity: theoretical perspective and methodological consequences.

Sherry L Willis1, K Warner Schaie

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. oldage@u.washington.edu

Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience
|October 23, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive plasticity research requires better methods and conceptual frameworks to accurately measure behavioral and brain changes across the lifespan. Future studies should integrate theoretical grounding with intervention effectiveness for robust findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive science

Background:

  • Cognitive plasticity refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt throughout life.
  • Understanding cognitive plasticity is crucial for addressing age-related cognitive decline and enhancing learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cognitive plasticity concepts and research findings from a lifespan developmental viewpoint.
  • To highlight the need for improved methodologies in studying cognitive plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of general concept of cognitive plasticity.
  • Evaluation of key approaches: intervention studies, experimental designs, cognitive training, strategy learning, practice, and person-environment interactions.
  • Discussion of transfer and durability of training-induced plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Current developmental research on cognitive plasticity often lacks a strong methodological and conceptual foundation.
  • A gap exists between the levels of behavioral and brain plasticity targeted and the study designs employed.
  • Methodological and conceptual advancements are necessary for more accurate measurement and understanding.

Conclusions:

  • Plasticity research must balance the focus on treatment effectiveness with a strong theoretical framework.
  • Integrating conceptual grounding with intervention studies will enhance the validity and impact of plasticity research.
  • Future research should prioritize robust theoretical underpinnings for intervention designs.