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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...

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Fabrication of an Expandable Brain Matrix Customizable Across Developmental Stages

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The plastic human brain.

¹University Zurich, Psychological Institute, Division Neuropsychology, Zürich, Switzerland. l.jaencke@psychologie.uzh.ch

Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience

|October 23, 2009

Summary

This review highlights how musical training shapes the brain, demonstrating significant structural and functional plasticity. The human brain exhibits remarkable adaptability, with experience profoundly influencing its anatomy and physiology.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

The human brain's capacity for change, known as plasticity, is a key area of research.
Understanding how experience influences brain structure and function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss findings on structural and functional plasticity in the intact human brain.
To examine research using musicians as a model for studying brain plasticity.

Main Methods:

Analysis of neuroanatomical studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for structural plasticity.
Review of neurophysiological studies on altered activation patterns for functional plasticity.
Discussion of cross-sectional and longitudinal research approaches.

Main Results:

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Evidence indicates that experience significantly alters brain anatomy and physiology.
Changes in grey and white matter density and volume are observed.
Altered activation patterns in task-relevant brain areas demonstrate functional plasticity.

Conclusions:

The human brain is far more plastic than previously believed.
Experience-dependent changes in brain structure and function are well-supported by current research.