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Related Concept Videos

Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high pressures...
Sound Waves01:01

Sound Waves

Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
Sound waves are longitudinal in most fluids because fluids cannot sustain any lateral pressure. In solids, however, shear forces help in propagating the disturbance in the lateral direction as well. Hence,...
Travelling Waves01:04

Travelling Waves

A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. Mechanical waves are governed by Newton's laws and require a medium to travel. A medium is a substance in which a mechanical wave propagates, and the medium produces an elastic restoring force when it is deformed.
Water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves. For water waves, the wave propagation medium is water;...
Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...

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Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations
06:51

Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations

Published on: August 21, 2018

Surface acoustic waves in interaction with a dislocation.

Agnès Maurel1, Vincent Pagneux, Felipe Barra

  • 1Laboratoire Ondes et Acoustique, UMR CNRS 7587, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.

Ultrasonics
|October 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Surface acoustic waves interact with dislocations near the surface. This study analyzes scattered waves from edge dislocations, providing analytical results for parallel or perpendicular orientations.

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Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are sensitive to surface and near-surface properties.
  • Dislocations, as crystal defects, significantly influence material properties.
  • Understanding SAW-dislocation interactions is crucial for non-destructive evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the interaction between surface acoustic waves and edge dislocations.
  • To analyze the scattered surface acoustic waves resulting from this interaction.
  • To investigate the influence of dislocation orientation relative to the free surface.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical modeling of surface acoustic wave propagation.
  • Characterization of wave scattering by edge dislocations.
  • Theoretical analysis for dislocations parallel and perpendicular to the surface.

Main Results:

  • The interaction between SAWs and dislocations was characterized.
  • Scattered wave patterns were analyzed for various dislocation orientations.
  • Analytical results for short dislocations qualitatively matched experimental observations.

Conclusions:

  • The orientation of edge dislocations significantly affects SAW scattering.
  • Analytical models can qualitatively predict SAW-dislocation interaction features.
  • This work contributes to understanding defect-acoustic wave coupling in materials.