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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

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Peering at Brain Polysomes with Atomic Force Microscopy
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Powering through ribosome assembly.

Bethany S Strunk1, Katrin Karbstein

  • 1Chemical Biology Doctoral Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)
|October 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eukaryotic ribosome assembly requires complex machinery and energy, unlike bacterial assembly. This review explores energy-dependent factors and proposes models for regulating ribosome assembly.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ribosome assembly is crucial for cell growth across all organisms.
  • Bacterial ribosome assembly is well-understood through in vitro studies, allowing reconstitution of active subunits.
  • Eukaryotic ribosome assembly involves a complex in vivo machinery, distinct from bacterial systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review energy-dependent factors in eukaryotic ribosome assembly.
  • To propose roles for energy-releasing enzymes in this process.
  • To suggest testable models for regulating ribosome assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ribosome assembly factors and energy sources.
  • Analysis of nucleotide triphosphate-hydrolyzing enzymes (ATPases, GTPases, kinases).
  • Synthesis of existing data to propose regulatory models.

Main Results:

  • Eukaryotic ribosome assembly necessitates a large macromolecular machinery.
  • Many assembly factors are enzymes that hydrolyze nucleotide triphosphates.
  • Proposed roles for energy-releasing enzymes in driving or regulating assembly.

Conclusions:

  • Energy-releasing enzymes likely play regulatory roles in eukaryotic ribosome assembly.
  • Understanding these factors can reveal why energy is required for a process largely spontaneous in bacteria.
  • Identified potential targets for regulating ribosome assembly.