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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
Dependent personality disorder is characterized by an excessive reliance on others to manage various aspects of life. Individuals with this disorder often struggle with...
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Published on: January 9, 2015

Multiple pathways to functional impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Yeraz Markarian1, Michael J Larson, Mirela A Aldea

  • 1Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458, USA.

Clinical Psychology Review
|October 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) significantly impairs social and occupational functioning in children and adults. Recent research highlights these liabilities, advancing understanding of OCD

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Published on: January 9, 2015

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Marble Burying and Nestlet Shredding as Tests of Repetitive, Compulsive-like Behaviors in Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent, chronic, and debilitating mental health condition.
  • Significant attention has been directed towards understanding OCD etiology and improving treatments over the past two decades.
  • The extent of functional impairment associated with OCD was previously not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To examine the relationship between OCD and functional disability.
  • To discuss etiology, symptom presentation, subtypes, and neuropsychological functioning in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • This article provides a comprehensive review of existing literature on OCD.
  • It synthesizes information regarding etiology, clinical presentations, and subtypes.
  • Neuropsychological functioning and its link to functional disability are discussed.

Main Results:

  • Recent research indicates that OCD is associated with substantial social and occupational liabilities.
  • The article details common OCD symptom presentations, including comorbid and ancillary symptoms.
  • Neuropsychological deficits are linked to functional disability in individuals with OCD.

Conclusions:

  • OCD presents significant challenges to social and occupational functioning.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the complexities of OCD and its impact.
  • This review consolidates knowledge on OCD, informing future research directions and clinical practice.