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Humanistic Psychology

Humanistic Psychology

Humanistic psychology emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the deterministic and pessimistic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. While behaviorism focused on observable behaviors influenced by the environment and psychoanalysis delved into unconscious motivations, both theories suggested that human actions lacked free will. In contrast, humanistic psychology offers a perspective that emphasizes the innate potential for goodness and growth within every individual.
This approach...

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...

Steps in the Modeling Process

Steps in the Modeling Process

Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
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Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I

A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
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Observational Learning

Observational Learning

Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning because...

Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions

Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions

Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

The humanbecoming leading-following model in practice.

Thomas J Doucet¹, Françoise Maillard-Strüby

¹York University.

Nursing Science Quarterly

|October 28, 2009

Summary

This column illustrates the human becoming leading-following model in nursing practice across hospital, community, and school settings. It showcases how nurses apply the theory

Area of Science:

Nursing Theory
Evidence-Based Practice
Leadership Models

Background:

The human becoming theory provides a framework for nursing practice.
Understanding how theoretical models are applied in diverse settings is crucial for advancing nursing.
The leading-following concept within this model offers unique insights into nurse leadership.

Purpose of the Study:

To illustrate the practical application of the human becoming leading-following model by nurses.
To demonstrate how nurses in various settings embody the core tenets of the human becoming theory.
To provide examples of theory-guided, evidence-based practice in nursing.

Main Methods:

Descriptive analysis of practice scenarios.
Qualitative illustration of lived experiences.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

Case examples of policy change navigated through the model.

Main Results:

Nurses actively live the human becoming leading-following model in hospital, community, and school environments.
Specific practice scenarios highlight the integration of the model's processes and key ideas.
The model's beliefs and values are demonstrated in real-world nursing leadership and policy engagement.

Conclusions:

The human becoming leading-following model is a viable and applicable framework for contemporary nursing practice.
Theory-guided practice enhances nurses' ability to lead and follow effectively in diverse settings.
This column serves as evidence-based practice, rooted in nursing theory, for practical application.