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Laboratory Techniques Used to Maintain and Differentiate Biotypes of Vibrio cholerae Clinical and Environmental Isolates
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BLOOD GROUP ACTIVITY OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA.

G F Springer1, P Williamson, W C Brandes

  • 1Immunochemistry and Bacteriology Sections, William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, and the Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many Gram-negative bacteria exhibit blood group A, B, and H activities, with some showing high levels comparable to human blood group substances. This suggests potential insights into the origin of human anti-A and anti-B antibodies.

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07:58

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Blood group antigens (A, B, H, Rh, M, N) are crucial in transfusion medicine and human genetics.
  • Bacterial surface molecules can sometimes mimic host antigens, potentially influencing immune responses.
  • Previous studies have indicated the presence of blood group-like substances in microorganisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution and extent of blood group A, B, and H(O) activities in aerobic Gram-negative bacteria.
  • To explore the correlation between bacterial O somatic antigens, their monosaccharide composition, and blood group activity.
  • To consider the implications of these findings for the origin of human anti-A and anti-B isoantibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Testing of 282 aerobic Gram-negative bacterial isolates, many from patient blood, for blood group A, B, and H(O) activities.
  • Assessment of specific D (Rh(o)), M, and N activities in approximately 70 Enterobacteriaceae members.
  • Correlation analysis between bacterial O somatic antigen specificity and their monosaccharide components.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of the tested bacteria displayed blood group activity.
  • Approximately 10% of organisms showed high, disproportionate activities, some nearing human blood group mucoid levels.
  • No significant D (Rh(o)), M, or N activity was detected in the tested Enterobacteriaceae; specific sugars related to human blood group mucoids were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Aerobic Gram-negative bacteria frequently express blood group A, B, and H activities, suggesting a potential source for these antigens.
  • The presence of specific monosaccharides in bacteria supports the hypothesis that microbial antigens may contribute to the development of human anti-A and anti-B isoantibodies.
  • These findings highlight the complex interplay between microbial surfaces and the human immune system, with implications for understanding antibody origins.