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Related Concept Videos

Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...

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EXPERIMENTS WITH POLIOMYELITIS IN THE RABBIT.

M J Rosenau1, L C Havens

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Harvard Medical School, Boston.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poliomyelitis virus adapted to rabbits shows variable incubation and no increased virulence. Rabbits under six weeks are more susceptible, with distinct clinical and pathological differences from monkey or human polio.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Poliomyelitis virus was adapted through eight generations in rabbits from an experimental monkey model.
  • Understanding viral adaptation and host response is crucial for infectious disease research.
  • Previous studies may have overlooked findings due to variations in rabbit susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavior of poliomyelitis virus after serial passage in rabbits.
  • To assess changes in viral virulence, incubation period, and host susceptibility.
  • To compare the clinical and pathological manifestations in rabbits with those in humans and monkeys.

Main Methods:

  • Serial inoculation of poliomyelitis virus into rabbits across eight generations.
  • Varied inoculation routes including intracerebral, peripheral nerve, intravenous, and intranasal.
  • Clinical observation for symptoms and pathological examination of lesions.

Main Results:

  • The virus persisted through eight passages without signs of extinction or increased pathogenicity in rabbits.
  • Incubation periods were variable (2-41 days), and susceptibility was higher in rabbits under six weeks old.
  • Two distinct clinical presentations (progressive paralysis and fulminating respiratory failure) were observed, with significant pathological differences from human/monkey poliomyelitis.

Conclusions:

  • Rabbits exhibit unique responses to the poliomyelitis virus, presenting modified clinical and pathological pictures.
  • The observed differences suggest that rabbits may react differently to the virus compared to monkeys and humans.
  • This research raises the possibility of poliomyelitis occurring in other animal species in unrecognized forms, potentially impacting transmission and prevention strategies.