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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
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Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
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STUDIES ON ANAPHYLAXIS WITH POLLEN.

C Bernstein1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy, The University of Chicago, Chicago.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Guinea pigs exposed to burweed marsh-elder pollen did not show allergic reactions. However, prior sensitization with horse serum enabled a reaction to pollen extract, suggesting underlying sensitivities influence allergic responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Allergic reactions are complex immune responses.
  • Understanding factors influencing sensitization is crucial for allergy management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anaphylactic response to burweed marsh-elder pollen extract in guinea pigs.
  • To determine if prior sensitization influences the allergic reaction to pollen extract.

Main Methods:

  • Guinea pigs were injected with burweed marsh-elder pollen extract.
  • Some animals were additionally sensitized with horse serum.
  • Anaphylactic responses were assessed after a 3-week interval.

Main Results:

  • Intracutaneous and subcutaneous injections of pollen extract alone did not induce anaphylaxis.
  • Animals pre-sensitized with horse serum exhibited anaphylaxis upon subsequent exposure to pollen extract.
  • This indicates a role for underlying sensitivity in allergic reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Prior sensitization, such as with horse serum, can prime the immune system for an allergic response to subsequent unrelated antigens like pollen.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering an individual's sensitization history when evaluating allergic reactions.