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Related Concept Videos

Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate light...
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
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Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment molecules...
The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
Radical Autoxidation01:20

Radical Autoxidation

The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
What is Photosynthesis?00:39

What is Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a multipart, biochemical process that occurs in plants as well as in some bacteria. It captures carbon dioxide and solar energy to produce glucose. Glucose stores chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The overall biochemical formula of photosynthesis is 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere and is largely responsible for maintaining the Earth’s atmospheric oxygen content.

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Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: May 21, 2019

PHOTOXIDATION PROCESSES IN PLANTS.

J Franck1, C S French

  • 1Department of Chemistry (Fels Foundation), University of Chicago, Chicago.

The Journal of General Physiology
|October 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Photoxidation, the light-induced oxidation of plant tissues, occurs in living and dead leaves. Its rate depends on light intensity and oxygen levels, saturating at 0.6 atm.

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Catalytic Scavenging of Plant Reactive Oxygen Species In Vivo by Anionic Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: August 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Photoxidation is a light-induced oxidative process relevant to plant physiology.
  • Understanding photoxidation is crucial for comprehending plant responses to light and oxygen stress.
  • Previous studies have investigated photoxidation in vitro and its effects on photosynthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify photoxidation in plant leaves under varying oxygen concentrations.
  • To investigate the influence of light intensity and oxygen pressure on photoxidation rates.
  • To explore the relationship between photoxidation, respiration, and photosynthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Exposing living and dead leaves, as well as plant juices, to light in controlled oxygen atmospheres (CO2-free).
  • Measuring photoxidation rates under different light intensities and oxygen pressures.
  • Assessing the effect of sugar feeding on photoxidation and respiration.

Main Results:

  • Photoxidation was observed in both living and dead plant tissues and juices.
  • Sugar feeding slightly increased photoxidation but significantly enhanced respiration (autoxidation).
  • Photoxidation rate increased non-linearly with light intensity and showed oxygen saturation at approximately 0.6 atm.

Conclusions:

  • Photoxidation is a significant process in plant tissues, influenced by light and oxygen availability.
  • The observed oxygen saturation kinetics of photoxidation are comparable to those in chlorophyll-sensitized systems and photosynthesis.
  • Further investigation into the chemical kinetics and impact of photoxidation on photosynthesis is warranted.