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Selenium in intravenous nutrition.

Alan Shenkin1

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England. shenkin@liv.ac.uk

Gastroenterology
|October 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient that should be provided intravenously to all patients requiring parenteral nutrition (PN). Supplementation should begin at the start of PN, with monitoring for long-term or high-dose use.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is a vital nutrient for human health.
  • Clinical deficiency can lead to severe health consequences.
  • Parenteral nutrition (PN) requires careful consideration of nutrient provision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the necessity of intravenous selenium supplementation for patients on parenteral nutrition.
  • To define optimal selenium dosage and monitoring strategies.
  • To explore research gaps in selenium's role in critical illness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on selenium requirements in various patient populations.
  • Analysis of recommended selenium dosages for home and hospital-based PN.
  • Discussion of monitoring methods for selenium status in patients on PN.

Main Results:

  • Intravenous selenium supplementation is recommended for all patients requiring PN, starting from the initiation of therapy.
  • Standard PN patients typically require 60-100 mcg/day, while depleted, critically ill, or burn patients may need higher doses.
  • Evidence supports up to 400 mcg/day for burn patients, but high-dose selenium in sepsis remains inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Early and consistent selenium supplementation via PN is crucial for preventing deficiency.
  • Dosage adjustments are necessary based on patient status (depletion, critical illness, burns).
  • Further research is needed to clarify optimal monitoring and the benefits of high-dose selenium in critical conditions.