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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Published on: June 6, 2025

Knee arthodesis using a modular customized intramedullary nail.

R Letartre¹, A Combes, G Autissier

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery D, Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille Teaching Medical Center, Lille, France. romainletartre@nordgenou.fr

Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery & Research : OTSR

|October 31, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluated a modular intramedullary nail for knee arthrodesis in 19 patients, finding it simplifies surgery but has a high nonunion rate. Functional outcomes were acceptable despite nonunion, though subjective results were poorer in those cases.

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Published on: November 13, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Published on: June 6, 2025

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

Published on: November 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering

Background:

Knee arthrodesis is crucial for infected joints, with external fixators and intramedullary devices as options.
Customized modular intramedullary nailing offers a potential solution for knee arthrodesis, particularly in complex cases.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of knee arthrodesis using a modular intramedullary nailing system.
To evaluate the efficacy and complications associated with this technique in a series of 19 patients.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 19 patients undergoing knee arthrodesis with a custom modular intramedullary nail, primarily for infected total knee replacements.
Assessment of functional outcomes using Lequesne Algofunctional and WOMAC scores, and radiographic evaluation for consolidation and implant fit.

Main Results:

A 32% nonunion rate was observed, with complications including cortical break, tibial rotation, delayed union, and nail revision.
Postoperative Lequesne and WOMAC scores indicated moderate functional impairment.
Functional scores were similar between united and non-united cases, but subjective results were worse in non-united cases.

Conclusions:

Modular intramedullary nailing simplifies knee arthrodesis surgery, reducing procedure time and blood loss.
While the nonunion rate was high, functional outcomes were not significantly compromised.
Long-term implant failure risks require further investigation with extended follow-up.