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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Forward Genetic Approaches in Chlamydia trachomatis
09:03

Forward Genetic Approaches in Chlamydia trachomatis

Published on: October 23, 2013

Shortening the voiding interval for men having chlamydia nucleic acid amplification tests.

T Mathew1, C O'Mahony, H Mallinson

  • 1Department of Sexual Health, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool Road, Chester CH2 3AF, UK. teenamathew@nhs.net

International Journal of STD & AIDS
|October 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Even after recent urination, first-void urine (FVU) tests reliably detect Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) using APTIMA Combo2 (AC2). This finding supports flexible patient management for sexually transmitted infections.

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Published on: January 30, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Urine testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in males often requires a significant time since last micturition.
  • Advancements in nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) offer high sensitivity for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of voiding interval on the positivity of urine tests for CT.
  • To determine if first-void urine (FVU) testing for CT remains reliable in male patients who have recently urinated.

Main Methods:

  • Male patients at high risk for CT infection or known CT positives were recruited.
  • Two first-void urine (FVU) specimens were collected from each patient: one standard sample and a second 20 minutes later.
  • Samples were tested for CT using the APTIMA Combo2 (AC2) assay.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-two CT-positive male patients were analyzed.
  • All second urine samples were also CT positive, with no equivocal results.
  • Paired t-test analysis showed no significant difference in relative light unit readings between the first and second urine samples (P = 0.127).

Conclusions:

  • First-void urine (FVU) testing using APTIMA Combo2 (AC2) reliably detects Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in male patients, even shortly after micturition.
  • This validates a more flexible approach to patient management and STI testing in genitourinary medicine clinics.