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Related Concept Videos

Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
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Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Modeling Mucosal Candidiasis in Larval Zebrafish by Swimbladder Injection
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Candida and the paediatric lung.

Alessandro C Pasqualotto1

  • 1Infection Control Department, Santa Casa Complexo Hospitalar, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. acpasqualotto@hotmail.com

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|November 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary candidosis, or Candida pneumonia, is rare in children and difficult to diagnose. Definitive diagnosis requires lung tissue examination, and treatment mirrors that for bloodstream Candida infections.

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Published on: January 13, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Systemic candidosis is common in hospitalized children, but lung parenchyma involvement is infrequent.
  • Candida pneumonia often arises from bloodstream dissemination, primarily from the gastrointestinal tract or skin.
  • Primary Candida pneumonia is rare and typically linked to aspiration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on lung involvement in Candida infections, focusing on pediatric cases.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches for pulmonary candidosis in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Candida lung infections in pediatric patients.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings.
  • Review of treatment strategies for pulmonary and systemic candidosis.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary candidosis diagnosis is challenging due to non-specific symptoms and radiological signs.
  • Candida in respiratory samples often indicates contamination rather than true infection.
  • Histopathological evidence of lung invasion with inflammation is required for definitive diagnosis.
  • Allergic pulmonary reactions to Candida can occur in children.
  • Treatment for Candida pneumonia is similar to that for candidemia.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary candidosis in children is uncommon and diagnostically complex.
  • Histopathology is crucial for confirming Candida pneumonia.
  • Antifungal treatment for Candida pneumonia parallels that for candidemia.
  • Further research may explore antifungal benefits for Candida-sensitized asthma.