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Published on: October 20, 2019
[Advantages and limitations of chorionic villous sampling]
Dominique Carles1, Fanny Pelluard, Raphalle Mangione
1Unité de Pathologie Foetoplacentaire, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076 Bordeaux.
Bulletin De L'Academie Nationale De Medecine
|November 4, 2009
Summary
Histopathologic analysis of chorionic villous sampling (CVS) aids in diagnosing fetal growth issues and chromosomal abnormalities. This examination is valuable for detecting uteroplacental vascular disorders, complementing cytogenetic analysis for prenatal diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pathology
- Genetics
Context:
- Chorionic villous sampling (CVS) is a prenatal diagnostic tool used for over two decades.
- CVS provides material for both histopathologic and cytogenetic analyses.
- The choice between CVS and amniocentesis depends on clinical factors and the medical team.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the accuracy of microscopic examination of CVS for detecting specific pregnancy disorders.
- To assess the utility of CVS histopathology in identifying uteroplacental vascular and inflammatory conditions.
- To determine the role of CVS in prenatal diagnosis of fetal karyotype and placental abnormalities.
Summary:
- Histopathologic analysis of 400 CVS samples was performed to assess diagnostic accuracy for preeclampsia and chromosomal aberrations.
- Sensitivity for preeclampsia screening was 56.8% (87.2% specificity), and for chromosomal aberrations, sensitivity was 93.2% (14.3% specificity).
- Histopathology of CVS is beneficial for identifying the uteroplacental vascular origins of intrauterine growth retardation, especially when other signs are absent, and complements cytogenetic analysis.
Impact:
- Histopathologic examination of CVS is a valuable, simple, and inexpensive tool for prenatal diagnosis.
- It can systematically detect uteroplacental vascular origins of intrauterine growth retardation, even without other clinical indicators.
- Further research with larger series is needed to establish its diagnostic value in other conditions.
