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Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria01:30

Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria

Ladder diagrams are useful tools for understanding redox equilibrium reactions, especially the effects of concentration changes on the electrochemical potential of the reaction. The vertical axis in the redox ladder diagrams represents the electrochemical potential, E. The area of predominance is demarcated using the Nernst equation.
Consider the Fe3+/Fe2+ half-reaction, which has a standard-state potential of +0.771 V. At potentials more positive than +0.771 V, Fe3+ predominates, whereas Fe2+...
Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...

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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

A calixarene-based copper-centered redox switch as a data storage prototype.

Ulrich Darbost1, Vanessa Penin, Erwann Jeanneau

  • 1Université de Lyon, Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, CNRS, UMR5246, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2-CSAp, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. ulrich.darbost@univ-lyon1.fr

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|November 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A novel copper redox molecular switch demonstrates remarkable stability and fast reversible cycling. This calixarene-based system utilizes electrochemical input for ligand exchange, creating a durable molecular switch.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Molecular switches are crucial for developing advanced electronic devices.
  • Copper complexes offer tunable redox properties for switch applications.
  • Calixarene scaffolds provide a versatile platform for designing functional molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel copper redox molecular switch.
  • To investigate the stability and cycling performance of the switch.
  • To explore the mechanism of ligand exchange triggered by electrochemical input.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a calixarene derivative functionalized with imidazole- and quinoline-like fragments.
  • Electrochemical characterization to study redox behavior and ligand exchange.
  • Spectroscopic techniques to confirm the stability of redox states.

Main Results:

  • The developed copper complex functions as a molecular switch.
  • The switch exhibits unexpected long-lasting stability in both redox states.
  • Fast and reversible cycling of the molecular switch was achieved through electrochemical ligand exchange.

Conclusions:

  • A stable and efficiently cycling copper redox molecular switch was successfully created.
  • The calixarene-based design enables robust electrochemical control over molecular switching.
  • This work presents a promising platform for future molecular electronics and sensing applications.