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Related Concept Videos

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...

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Ferric Chloride-induced Murine Thrombosis Models
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New antiplatelet agents: why they are needed.

Massimo Franchini1, Pier Mannuccio Mannucci

  • 1Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Italy. piermannuccio.mannucci@unimi.it

European Journal of Internal Medicine
|November 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

New antiplatelet drugs are being developed to improve treatment for acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This review covers novel agents like prasugrel and ticagrelor, offering potential advancements in cardiovascular care.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remain a major cause of death and disability despite current treatments.
  • Existing antiplatelet therapies, while advanced, have limitations necessitating new drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of action and clinical trial results of novel antiplatelet agents.
  • To provide an overview of emerging therapies for ACS management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current clinical trials.
  • Summary of novel antiplatelet agents including their mechanisms and pharmacokinetics.

Main Results:

  • Prasugrel: a thienopyridine prodrug with superior pharmacokinetics compared to clopidogrel.
  • Ticagrelor: a reversible P2Y(12) receptor antagonist.
  • Cangrelor: an intravenous ticagrelor analog.
  • SCH 53048: a thrombin receptor antagonist.
  • Terutroban (S18886): a thromboxane A(2) receptor inhibitor.

Conclusions:

  • Novel antiplatelet agents show promise for improving ACS treatment outcomes.
  • Further clinical evaluation is ongoing for these new therapeutic options.