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Screening of vascular calcifications in patients with end-stage renal diseases

Tatjana Damjanovic1, Zivka Djuric, Natasa Markovic

  • 1Clinical Department for Renal Diseases, Zvezdara University Medical Center, Dimitrija Tucovića Street 161, Belgrade, Serbia. damtanja@beotel.yu

General Physiology and Biophysics
|November 7, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Vascular calcifications are common in hemodialysis patients, increasing mortality. Older age, longer dialysis duration, and valve calcifications are key risk factors for developing these arterial and heart valve issues.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Vascular calcifications (VC) significantly increase mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
  • Detecting VC and identifying associated risk factors is crucial for managing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect arterial media and intima calcifications in hemodialysis patients.
  • To evaluate potential risk factors contributing to vascular calcifications.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 214 hemodialysis patients (mean age 59.0 +/- 11.0 years, HD duration 6.39 +/- 4.59 years).
  • Assessed vascular calcifications using plain radiographs.
  • Evaluated potential risk factors including patient age, dialysis vintage, intima-media thickness, lumen diameter, and valvular calcifications.

Main Results:

  • 136 (63.6%) patients showed detectable VC on radiographs; 78.4% had carotid artery calcifications.
  • Heart valve calcifications were present in 44.1% of patients.
  • Older age, longer dialysis vintage, thicker intima-media, larger lumen diameter, and mitral valve calcifications were significant risk factors for VC.

Conclusions:

  • Vascular calcifications are highly prevalent in hemodialysis patients.
  • Independent predictors of VC include older age, longer dialysis vintage, valvular calcifications, and early atherosclerosis markers.

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