Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Measuring Light-Switching Behavior Using an Occupancy and Light Data Logger
Published on: January 16, 2020
Putting text in context: the conflict between pro-ecological messages and anti-ecological descriptive norms
1Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. luis.oceja@uam.es
Abstract:
In the present work we test whether the effectiveness of ecological messages may be canceled out when they conflict with the descriptive norm that is salient in the situation. In two studies, participants were unobtrusively observed while performing an ecologically relevant behavior: leaving lights on or off when exiting a public space. The results of Study 1 showed in two different settings (i.e., public washrooms of a university and of a restaurant) the powerful influence of focusing a descriptive norm that refers to such behavior, even when this descriptive norm is not sustained by the injunctive norm. The results of Study 2 showed the overall ineffectiveness of ecological messages when the information in the message was in conflict with the descriptive norm made salient by the context. Additionally, the results of a Follow-up Study suggested that vividness-congruency may increase the effectiveness of the message. Both the theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Ecological Disturbance
Biodiversity and Human Values
Ecological Niches
What is Conservation Biology?
Threats to Biodiversity
Impact of Social Context on Individuals

