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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

The Specification of Telencephalic Glutamatergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:49

The Specification of Telencephalic Glutamatergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 14, 2013

Important precautions when deriving patient-specific neural elements from pluripotent cells.

Xuejun H Parsons1, Yang D Teng, Evan Y Snyder

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA. xuejun.parsons@ucr.edu

Cytotherapy
|November 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generating sufficient, safe human neural stem cells (hNSC) for treating neurological disorders remains a challenge. Research focuses on optimizing in vitro derivation from pluripotent cells for therapeutic applications.

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Efficient Derivation of Human Neuronal Progenitors and Neurons from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells with Small Molecule Induction
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Efficient Derivation of Human Neuronal Progenitors and Neurons from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells with Small Molecule Induction

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Efficient Neural Differentiation using Single-Cell Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
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Efficient Neural Differentiation using Single-Cell Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: January 18, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

The Specification of Telencephalic Glutamatergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
10:49

The Specification of Telencephalic Glutamatergic Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 14, 2013

Efficient Derivation of Human Neuronal Progenitors and Neurons from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells with Small Molecule Induction
10:47

Efficient Derivation of Human Neuronal Progenitors and Neurons from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells with Small Molecule Induction

Published on: October 28, 2011

Efficient Neural Differentiation using Single-Cell Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
11:17

Efficient Neural Differentiation using Single-Cell Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: January 18, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Human neural stem cells (hNSC) are crucial for treating neurological disorders, but traditional isolation from the central nervous system has limitations.
  • Tissue-derived hNSC exhibit restricted propagation and low neuronal differentiation efficiency, hindering clinical trial success.
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) offer a pluripotent source but raise concerns regarding differentiation control and tumorigenesis risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of current hNSC sources for therapeutic applications.
  • To explore strategies for efficient and safe in vitro derivation of neural-committed cells from pluripotent sources.
  • To enable large-scale production of tailor-made hNSC for treating neurological diseases and injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating protocols for the direct induction of human pluripotent cells exclusively into neural-committed progenies.
  • Evaluating methods to ensure uniform differentiation and lineage restriction.
  • Assessing strategies to control the developmental stage and plasticity of derived neural stem/progenitor cells.

Main Results:

  • Current in vitro derivation protocols for hNSC from pluripotent cells show low neuronal differentiation efficiency and phenotypic instability.
  • hNSC derived from pluripotent cells carry an increased risk of tumorigenesis.
  • Challenges remain in controlling multilineage differentiation and minimizing the need for foreign biologic additives.

Conclusions:

  • Developing uniform conversion strategies for human pluripotent cells into neural-restricted cells is essential for safe and effective hNSC-based therapies.
  • Tailor-made hNSC, derived in vitro at specific developmental stages, are needed for optimal treatment of neurological conditions.
  • Further research is required to overcome current hurdles in hNSC derivation and ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy.