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Related Concept Videos

Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Secretory Phase01:19

Secretory Phase

The secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, spanning from day 14 to 28 in a typical 28-day cycle, is a period of significant physiological changes in the female reproductive system. This phase commences immediately after ovulation and is characterized by the preparation of the endometrium for potential embryo implantation.
Following ovulation, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, produces progesterone and estrogens. These hormones stimulate the growth and coiling of endometrial...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
06:49

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model

Published on: April 7, 2023

Luteal support: progestogens for pregnancy protection.

Salim Daya1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. dayas@mcmaster.ca

Maturitas
|November 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Corpus luteum function is crucial for early pregnancy and implantation. Progestational agents can support luteal function in assisted reproduction and recurrent miscarriage, though more clinical trial data is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background:

  • The corpus luteum, formed after ovulation, produces progesterone essential for endometrial secretory transformation and early pregnancy support.
  • Implantation success is time-sensitive, ideally occurring 6-10 days post-luteinizing hormone (LH) surge; deviations increase miscarriage risk.
  • Defective corpus luteum function is linked to implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the corpus luteum in early pregnancy and implantation.
  • To evaluate the impact of assisted reproductive technologies on corpus luteum function.
  • To discuss the therapeutic use of progestational agents in managing luteal phase defects and recurrent miscarriage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on corpus luteum function, progesterone production, and implantation.

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Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model
06:49

Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model

Published on: April 7, 2023

Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Laparoscopic Non-Mesh Cerclage Pectopexy with Uterine Preservation for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: October 25, 2024

  • Analysis of the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues and oocyte retrieval on luteal function.
  • Examination of clinical trial data on progestational agents (progesterone, dydrogesterone) and estrogen supplementation.

    • Main Results:

    • Assisted reproduction techniques can impair corpus luteum progesterone production, necessitating progestational support.
    • Progestational agents like progesterone and dydrogesterone are effective treatments for luteal phase defects and recurrent miscarriage.
    • Evidence for estrogen's role in optimizing implantation by modulating the estrogen:progestogen ratio is inconsistent.

    Conclusions:

    • Progestational agents are vital for supporting early pregnancy in assisted reproduction and managing recurrent miscarriage.
    • Despite extensive clinical use, robust clinical trial data on optimal progestational agent type, dose, and treatment duration remains limited.
    • Further research is required to establish definitive treatment guidelines for luteal phase support and recurrent miscarriage.