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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
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Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value01:13

Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value

In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...

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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
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Published on: November 2, 2013

Can prostate specific antigen velocity thresholds decrease insignificant prostate cancer detection?

Stacy Loeb1, Kimberly A Roehl, Brian T Helfand

  • 1Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The Journal of Urology
|November 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prostate specific antigen velocity greater than 0.4 ng/ml per year is linked to clinically significant prostate cancer, not insignificant disease. This finding may improve prostate cancer screening accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening can lead to overdetection of insignificant prostate cancer.
  • PSA kinetics, specifically PSA velocity, may offer insights into cancer aggressiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between PSA velocity and the presence of clinically significant prostate cancer.
  • To determine if PSA velocity can help differentiate significant from insignificant prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1,073 men who underwent radical prostatectomy with available PSA velocity and tumor volume data.
  • Definition of insignificant cancer using Ohori criteria (organ-confined, tumor volume ≤0.5 cc, no Gleason pattern 4 or 5).
  • Stratification of men by PSA velocity to calculate the proportion with pathologically insignificant prostate cancer.

Main Results:

  • Preoperative PSA velocity >0.4 ng/ml/year was significantly associated with high-grade disease, positive surgical margins, and seminal vesicle invasion.
  • Men with PSA velocity >0.4 ng/ml/year had a higher median tumor volume (3.1 vs 2.4 cc).
  • Patients with PSA velocity >0.4 ng/ml/year were 50% less likely to have insignificant disease (5% vs 10%).

Conclusions:

  • A PSA velocity threshold of 0.4 ng/ml/year is associated with a lower likelihood of insignificant prostate cancer.
  • PSA velocity may serve as a valuable adjunct tool in prostate cancer screening.
  • Utilizing PSA velocity could enhance specificity in identifying patients with clinically significant prostate cancer.