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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Single-port Non-liposuction Endoscopic Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Breast Cancer Surgery

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Published on: April 3, 2026

Complete lymph node dissection for regional nodal metastasis.

William W Dzwierzynski¹

¹Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8700 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. billd@mcw.edu

Clinics in Plastic Surgery

|November 17, 2009

Summary

Complete lymph node dissection (CLND) is a standard treatment for melanoma that has spread to lymph nodes. However, its survival benefits remain unproven by randomized trials, despite current recommendations.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Surgical Oncology
Dermatology

Background:

Regional lymphadenectomy is the primary management for metastatic melanoma.
Complete lymph node dissection (CLND) is performed for occult or apparent regional lymph node metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the role and controversy surrounding complete lymph node dissection (CLND) in managing metastatic melanoma.

Main Methods:

Review of current management practices for lymph node-involved melanoma.
Analysis of the indications for complete lymph node dissection (CLND).

Main Results:

Complete lymph node dissection (CLND) involves the removal of all lymph-node-bearing tissue in a specific region.
No randomized prospective studies have definitively established the survival advantage of CLND.

Conclusions:

Despite ongoing controversy and lack of definitive survival data from prospective trials, complete lymph node dissection (CLND) is recommended for stage III melanoma by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network.