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Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

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Comparing two attachment classification methods applied to preschool strange situations.

Susan Spieker¹, Patricia McKinsey Crittenden

¹Center on Infant Mental Health & Development University of Washington, Box 357920 Seattle, WA 98195-7920, USA. spieker@u.washington.edu

Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry

|November 17, 2009

Summary

This study found that two attachment classification methods, MacArthur (MAC) and Preschool Assessment of Attachment (PAA), showed only 50% agreement. The PAA method was more sensitive to demographic and child predictors than the MAC method.

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Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Attachment Theory
Child Behavior Assessment

Background:

Attachment theory is crucial for understanding child development.
The Strange Situation procedure is a key method for assessing attachment.
Different classification systems exist, potentially leading to varied interpretations.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the MacArthur (MAC) and Preschool Assessment of Attachment (PAA) methods.
To determine if MAC and PAA operationalize converging or diverging approaches to attachment.
To examine the relationship between these classifications and child/family predictors and later outcomes.

Main Methods:

Classified 306 preschool-aged children's Strange Situation behaviors using MAC and PAA.
Analyzed agreement between the two classification methods.
Examined associations with demographic, child, and family predictors.
Investigated links between classifications and child outcomes in early elementary grades.

Main Results:

MAC and PAA methods showed 50% agreement.
Demographic, child, and family predictors explained 19% of PAA variance but none for MAC.
Both methods associated with child outcomes, with PAA showing stronger links (12% vs. 5% variance).
Some MAC associations contradicted hypotheses.

Conclusions:

The MAC and PAA methods are sufficiently different, reflecting distinct theoretical understandings of attachment.
PAA appears more sensitive to contextual factors than MAC.
Findings have implications for clinical practice and highlight limitations in current attachment assessment measures.