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Published on: April 5, 2017

Contact screening and chemoprophylaxis in India's Revised Tuberculosis Control Programme: a situational analysis

V V Banu Rekha1, K Jagarajamma, F Wares

  • 1Tuberculosis Research Centre, Chennai, India.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|November 19, 2009
PubMed

Insights

India

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Pediatric Health

Background:

  • India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) mandates tuberculosis (TB) screening for household contacts of smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB) cases.
  • The RNTCP also recommends 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for asymptomatic children under 6 years old.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of child contact screening and IPT administration within the RNTCP framework.
  • Assessing the implementation gaps in child tuberculosis prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban and rural areas of Tamil Nadu, South India.
  • Data collection involved reviewing TB treatment cards, interviewing TB patients, and conducting focus group discussions with healthcare workers.

Main Results:

  • Only 14% of child contacts (<14 years) were screened for TB, and 19% of eligible children (<6 years) received IPT.
  • Incomplete documentation of contact details on treatment cards was observed.
  • Healthcare workers showed varying levels of TB awareness and procedural knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • Improved implementation of contact screening and IPT requires better documentation systems, such as dedicated IPT cards.
  • Targeted training for healthcare workers is crucial to enhance knowledge and adherence to TB control protocols.
Abstract

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