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NGF gene expression in actively growing brain glia.

B Lu1, M Yokoyama, C F Dreyfus

  • 1Department of Neurology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York 10021.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
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Central nervous system glia, not just neurons, produce Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) during active growth. This suggests that growing glia may regulate neuronal development and repair by releasing NGF.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) was previously thought to act locally near its synthesis site.
  • The precise cellular sources of NGF in the brain, particularly during development and injury, remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the specific cell types expressing the NGF gene in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • To investigate the relationship between glial cell activity, growth, and NGF gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a nuclease protection assay to detect NGF mRNA.
  • Examined NGF gene expression in vivo (optic nerve) and in vitro (glial cultures).
  • Investigated NGF expression in response to glial growth stimulation and injury.

Main Results:

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  • NGF mRNA was detected in both neurons and glia across various developing brain regions.
  • Glial NGF expression correlated positively with active glial growth; higher NGF mRNA levels were observed in rapidly growing, low-density cultures.
  • NGF mRNA was abundant in neonatal optic nerve glia but scarce in adults, with expression re-emerging after injury-induced proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • CNS glia possess a broad capacity to synthesize NGF mRNA, particularly when undergoing active proliferation.
  • These findings suggest that actively growing or reactive glia may play a crucial role in regulating neuronal growth and repair through local NGF production.