Bilateral renal inflammatory pseudotumour effectively treated with corticosteroid

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Inflammatory pseudotumour (IPT) is a rare neoplastic-like lesion of unknown etiology.
• While commonly affecting the lungs, IPT can occur in virtually any organ system.
• Renal involvement is exceptionally rare, with bilateral cases being even rarer.

Observation:

• This report details an extremely rare case of bilateral renal inflammatory pseudotumour.
• Clinical presentations are often nonspecific, complicating early diagnosis.
• Radiological imaging is insufficient for definitive diagnosis, often necessitating surgical intervention or biopsy.

Findings:

• A comprehensive review of 34 previously reported renal IPT cases (1966-2008) was conducted.
• The majority of renal IPT cases (83%) were treated with nephrectomy.
• Bilateral renal IPT cases were predominantly managed with corticosteroids.

Implications:

• The rarity and nonspecific presentation of renal IPT pose significant diagnostic challenges.
• Distinguishing renal IPT from malignancy based on imaging alone is difficult.
• Nephrectomy and corticosteroids represent primary treatment modalities for renal IPT, particularly in bilateral cases.