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A prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial to evaluate bone preservation using implants with different
Mariano Sanz1, Denis Cecchinato, Jorge Ferrus
1Postgraduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. marianosanz@odon.ucm.es
Clinical Oral Implants Research
|November 20, 2009
Summary
Immediate dental implant placement into extraction sockets causes significant alveolar bone reduction. The void size between the implant and socket walls impacts bone loss, with cylindrical implants showing greater changes than tapered ones.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Immediate implant placement into extraction sockets is a common procedure.
- Significant dimensional changes in the alveolar ridge occur post-extraction and immediate implant placement.
- Understanding the impact of implant design on bone preservation is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between the void size created by cylindrical versus tapered dental implants and subsequent buccal/palatal bone loss.
- To quantify bone loss around implants placed in extraction sockets over a 16-week healing period.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, randomized-controlled multicenter study involving adults requiring maxillary tooth extraction and immediate implant placement (regions 15-25).
- Sites were randomized to receive either a cylindrical (Group A) or tapered (Group B) implant.
- Measurements of ridge dimensions and implant-to-socket void were taken immediately after placement and at a 16-week re-entry procedure.
Main Results:
- Tooth extraction and immediate implant placement led to substantial buccal ridge alterations (43% and 30%) and significant horizontal (80-63%) and vertical (69-65%) gaps.
- While not statistically significant, both horizontal and vertical gap changes were greater with cylindrical implants (Group A) compared to tapered implants (Group B).
Conclusions:
- Immediate dental implant placement into extraction sockets invariably results in significant reduction of the alveolar ridge bone.
- The choice of implant configuration may influence the extent of bone remodeling and void dimensions, with tapered implants potentially offering better preservation.
