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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

Divalproex extended-release in acute bipolar II depression.

P W Wang¹, C Nowakowska, R A Chandler

¹Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. wangp0@stanford.edu

Journal of Affective Disorders

|November 20, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Divalproex extended-release (divalproex-ER) showed a 54% response rate in bipolar II depression. This pilot study suggests divalproex-ER is well-tolerated and effective for treating bipolar depression.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Pharmacology
Clinical Trials

Background:

Divalproex extended-release (divalproex-ER) is established for acute mania.
Limited evidence suggests potential efficacy for divalproex in acute bipolar depression.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of divalproex-ER in patients with bipolar II depression.
To assess divalproex-ER as monotherapy or adjunctive treatment.

Main Methods:

A 7-week, open-label trial involving 28 outpatients with bipolar II depression.
Divalproex-ER dosage was titrated based on symptom relief or adverse effects.
Efficacy was measured weekly using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).

Main Results:

Mean final divalproex-ER dose was 1469mg/day with serum concentrations of 80.1microg/mL.
Significant reduction in mean MADRS scores from 30.1 to 15.2 (p<.00001).
An overall response rate of 54% was observed, with good tolerability and no early discontinuations due to adverse events.

Conclusions:

Divalproex-ER demonstrated a 54% response rate and was well-tolerated in bipolar II depression.
This pilot study supports the need for larger, placebo-controlled trials.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of divalproex-ER in bipolar II depression are warranted.