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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of Alphaherpes Virus Anterograde Transport and Spread
Published on: August 16, 2013
Retrograde axon transport of herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus: a live-cell comparative analysis
Sarah Elizabeth Antinone1, Gregory Allan Smith
1Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Abstract:
Upon entry, neuroinvasive herpesviruses traffic from axon terminals to the nuclei of neurons resident in peripheral ganglia, where the viral DNA is deposited. A detailed analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) transport dynamics in axons following entry is currently lacking. Here, time lapse fluorescence microscopy was used to compare the postentry viral transport of two neurotropic herpesviruses: HSV-1 and pseudorabies virus (PRV). HSV-1 capsid transport dynamics were indistinguishable from those of PRV and did not differ in neurons of human, mouse, or avian origin. Simultaneous tracking of capsids and tegument proteins demonstrated that the composition of actively transporting HSV-1 is remarkably similar to that of PRV. This quantitative assessment of HSV-1 axon transport following entry demonstrates that HSV-1 and PRV share a conserved mechanism for postentry retrograde transport in axons and provides the foundation for further studies of the retrograde transport process.
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