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Vitamin D-related changes in physical performance: a systematic review
C Annweiler1, A M Schott, G Berrut
1Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Angers University Hospital, France.
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|November 20, 2009
Summary
Low vitamin D levels in older adults may not consistently improve muscle strength, balance, or gait. Research findings on vitamin D supplementation and physical performance in the elderly remain inconclusive.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Physical Therapy
Background:
- Low serum vitamin D concentration is prevalent in older adults.
- Vitamin D plays a role in muscle function, balance, and gait.
- Physical performance declines with age, increasing fall risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review studies on vitamin D and physical performance in individuals aged 65 and older.
- To examine the effects of low serum vitamin D and supplementation on muscle, balance, and gait.
- To synthesize findings from observational and interventional studies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of Medline (English and French) from 2004-2008.
- Keywords included terms for aging, vitamin D, and physical performance indicators (gait, falls, mobility).
- Included 16 studies (8 observational, 8 interventional) meeting selection criteria.
Main Results:
- Observational studies showed mixed results regarding the association between vitamin D and physical performance.
- Vitamin D supplementation did not consistently improve balance or gait in most studies.
- Effects of supplementation on muscle strength were inconsistent, with some studies showing significant effects and others not.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between vitamin D status/supplementation and physical performance in older adults is complex and controversial.
- Observational and interventional studies provide divergent results.
- Further research is needed to clarify the role of vitamin D in maintaining physical function in the elderly.
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