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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE)-based immunoassay using a novel paraboloid array biochip.

Jong Seol Yuk1, Michal Trnavsky, Colette McDonagh

  • 1Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel disposable biochip for human IgG detection using surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE). This innovative optical array biochip enhances signal-to-noise ratio for sensitive biomolecular interaction analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Immunoassays are crucial for detecting biomarkers.
  • Existing methods face challenges in sensitivity and background noise.
  • Optical detection methods offer high specificity and sensitivity potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel disposable optical biochip for human IgG detection.
  • To combine Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission (SPCE) with Supercritical Angle Fluorescence (SAF) for enhanced detection.
  • To evaluate the performance of the SPCE-based biochip for biomolecular interaction analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a disposable optical array biochip with paraboloid polymer elements coated in gold.
  • Utilizing Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission (SPCE) for highly directional and surface-specific detection.
  • Integrating Supercritical Angle Fluorescence (SAF) for efficient light collection.
  • Performing a human IgG immunoassay using a sandwich assay format.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high signal-to-noise ratio due to surface-specific SPCE detection.
  • Demonstrated a dose-response curve for human IgG in the range of 2 ng/ml to 200 µg/ml.
  • Obtained a limit of detection of 20 ng/ml for human IgG.
  • Successfully combined SPCE and SAF for enhanced optical detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SPCE-based disposable biochip offers a sensitive and specific platform for immunoassays.
  • This technology shows significant potential for high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions.
  • It represents the first demonstration of an SPCE-based assay on a disposable biochip.