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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Complex Diving-For-Food Task to Investigate Social Organization and Interactions in Rats
10:29

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Published on: May 8, 2021

Multiple risk behaviour: increasing socio-economic gap over time?

Sabine Drieskens1, Herman Van Oyen, Stefaan Demarest

  • 1Scientific Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology Unit, Brussels, Belgium. sabine.drieskens@iph.fgov.be

European Journal of Public Health
|November 26, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple unhealthy behaviors are more common in lower educated individuals. Socio-economic inequalities in these behaviors increased among men between 2001 and 2004, highlighting the need for targeted health promotion.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Complex Diving-For-Food Task to Investigate Social Organization and Interactions in Rats
10:29

A Complex Diving-For-Food Task to Investigate Social Organization and Interactions in Rats

Published on: May 8, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology
  • Health Behavior Research

Background:

  • Unhealthy behaviors frequently co-occur, forming clusters of risk.
  • Understanding the interplay between socioeconomic status and multiple risk behaviors is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between education level and lifestyle, defined as a cluster of risk behaviors.
  • To assess socioeconomic changes in multiple risk behaviors over time in Belgium.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cross-sectional data from Belgian Health Interview Surveys (1997, 2001, 2004) for individuals aged 15+.
  • A lifestyle index was created based on four unhealthy behaviors (smoking, alcohol, diet, physical activity).
  • Logistic regression was used to calculate Odds Ratios (OR) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) to assess socioeconomic inequalities.

Main Results:

  • 7.5% of the adult population exhibited three to four unhealthy behaviors.
  • Lower educated men showed the highest risk, with a significant increase in OR from 1.6 (2001) to 3.4 (2004).
  • The increase in OR was less pronounced in women, and no significant socioeconomic gradient was observed using RII.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple risk behaviors are concentrated among individuals with lower education levels.
  • Evidence suggests increasing socioeconomic polarization in multiple risk behaviors among men from 2001-2004.
  • Health promotion programs should prioritize lower socioeconomic groups and address multiple risk behaviors concurrently.