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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

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High-Dimensionality Flow Cytometry for Immune Function Analysis of Dissected Implant Tissues
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High-Dimensionality Flow Cytometry for Immune Function Analysis of Dissected Implant Tissues

Published on: September 15, 2021

Materials engineering for immunomodulation.

Jeffrey A Hubbell1, Susan N Thomas, Melody A Swartz

  • 1Institute of Bioengineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nature
|November 27, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered immunomodulatory materials offer new therapeutic strategies for vaccines by controlling antigen presentation to T cells. These advanced materials also provide insights into fundamental immunology and immune system modulation.

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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials science and immunology.
  • Interdisciplinary research at the intersection of materials engineering and immune system biology.

Background:

  • The field of immunomodulatory materials is rapidly advancing alongside immunology.
  • Materials are increasingly engineered for therapeutic applications, particularly in vaccine development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the engineering of materials for modulating the immune system.
  • To detail how engineered materials can control antigen presentation to T cells for therapeutic benefits.
  • To highlight the role of these materials in understanding basic immunobiology.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering materials to deliver antigens via specific intracellular pathways.
  • Designing materials as adjuvants to mimic danger signals.
  • Manipulating the cytokine environment through material design.

Main Results:

  • Controlled presentation of antigens to T cells is achievable through material engineering.
  • Engineered adjuvants can effectively mimic danger signals, influencing the immune response.
  • Materials provide well-defined model systems for studying immune cell interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Immunomodulatory materials hold significant potential for medical advances, especially in vaccine technology.
  • These materials enhance our understanding of T cell interactions and immune system regulation.
  • The precise control offered by engineered materials opens new avenues in immunology research.