Enabling technology for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting

Over the past 8 years, new techniques and perhaps more significantly new technology have expanded the possibilities for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting. In this section, we review 3 important and potentially enabling technologies: (1) robotics, (2) anastomotic connectors, and (3) the expanding role of imaging in the context of combined operating room/catheterization laboratories (hybrid suites).