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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
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Correlative Optical Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Imaging Methodology to Visualise Drug Distribution in a Soft Tissue Section
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Published on: June 20, 2025

Topical diclofenac solution.

Marit D Moen1

  • 1Adis, a Wolters Kluwer Business, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz

Drugs
|December 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topical diclofenac solution effectively treats knee osteoarthritis pain and improves function. It offers a well-tolerated alternative to oral NSAIDs with fewer gastrointestinal side effects.

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Published on: January 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis of the knee is a prevalent condition causing pain and functional impairment.
  • Topical NSAIDs offer a localized treatment option with potentially reduced systemic side effects.
  • Diclofenac sodium, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is available in a topical solution formulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical diclofenac solution for knee osteoarthritis.
  • To compare the effectiveness of topical diclofenac solution with placebo and oral diclofenac.
  • To assess the impact on pain, physical function, and patient-reported outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical trials involving patients with primary knee osteoarthritis.
  • Application of topical diclofenac solution (1.5% w/w in 45% DMSO) at specified dosages.
  • Assessment using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index and Patient Global Assessment (PGA).
  • Comparison against placebo, vehicle control, and oral diclofenac (150 mg/day).

Main Results:

  • Topical diclofenac solution significantly improved WOMAC pain and physical function scores compared to placebo.
  • Patient global assessment and overall health scores were also significantly improved with topical diclofenac.
  • Topical diclofenac solution demonstrated comparable efficacy to oral diclofenac (150 mg/day) in a 12-week study.
  • The most frequent adverse event was localized dry skin; gastrointestinal events were less common than with oral diclofenac.

Conclusions:

  • Topical diclofenac solution is an effective and generally well-tolerated treatment for knee osteoarthritis symptoms.
  • It provides significant pain relief and functional improvement.
  • The topical formulation presents a favorable safety profile, particularly regarding gastrointestinal adverse events, compared to oral diclofenac.