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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral stimuli,...
Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...

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Related Experiment Video

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A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
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Published on: April 28, 2016

Hormonal regulators of appetite.

Juliana Austin1, Daniel Marks

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology
|December 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Appetite-regulating hormones impact obesity and cachexia by affecting hunger and satiety. Understanding these hormones, particularly in pediatrics, can lead to targeted genetic therapies for weight disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Obesity and cachexia are global health issues with increasing prevalence.
  • Both conditions involve dysregulation of appetite and energy balance.
  • Hormones controlling hunger and satiety are key mediators in these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review hormones regulating appetite, hunger, and satiety.
  • To focus on the pediatric relevance of these hormonal pathways.
  • To explore the potential for genetic mutation-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hormonal regulation of appetite.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on pediatric obesity and cachexia.
  • Examination of genetic mutations affecting appetite-regulating hormones and their receptors.

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Influence of Emotional Factors on the Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Overweight Complicated with Hyperlipidemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
11:36

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
04:48

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Published on: May 8, 2018

Influence of Emotional Factors on the Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Overweight Complicated with Hyperlipidemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
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Main Results:

  • Hormones like ghrelin and leptin play critical roles in appetite control.
  • Alterations in these hormones or their brain receptors can lead to obesity or anorexia.
  • Genetic mutations are implicated in severe forms of weight dysregulation.
  • Pediatric studies on these hormones are less extensive than adult or animal model studies.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal regulation of appetite is crucial in pediatric weight disorders.
  • Genetic insights may pave the way for personalized pediatric therapies.
  • Further research in pediatric endocrinology is warranted to address the obesity epidemic and cachexia.