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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Harvest of Vestibular End-Organs under Physiologic Conditions during Labyrinthectomy
03:08

Harvest of Vestibular End-Organs under Physiologic Conditions during Labyrinthectomy

Published on: November 29, 2024

Endoscopy of the inner ear.

Michael H Fritsch1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University Medical Center, 702 Barnhill Drive, Suite 0860, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. mfritsch@iupui.edu

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|December 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Endoscopic inner ear surgery offers a minimally invasive way to remove inner ear lesions while preserving function. This approach presents new strategies for otologic surgery, based on extensive research and clinical experience.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Traditional inner ear surgeries can be invasive.
  • Preserving inner ear function is crucial for patients.
  • Pathologic lesions in the inner ear require effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe endoscopic surgical techniques for the inner ear.
  • To evaluate minimally invasive strategies for lesion removal.
  • To explore methods for preserving otologic function during surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of temporal bone studies.
  • Analysis of existing medical literature.
  • Incorporation of clinical patient experiences.
  • Description of novel endoscopic surgical entry sites and strategies.

More Related Videos

Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual
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Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual

Published on: January 11, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Harvest of Vestibular End-Organs under Physiologic Conditions during Labyrinthectomy
03:08

Harvest of Vestibular End-Organs under Physiologic Conditions during Labyrinthectomy

Published on: November 29, 2024

Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual
10:40

Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual

Published on: January 11, 2018

Main Results:

  • Endoscopic inner ear surgery is a feasible approach.
  • Multiple endoscopic strategies can potentially preserve inner ear function.
  • This technique offers an alternative to traditional methods.

Conclusions:

  • Endoscopic inner ear surgery is a promising, minimally invasive option.
  • Careful selection of surgical entry sites and strategies is key.
  • Further clinical application may address various inner ear pathologies.