Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)
13:10

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)

Published on: April 24, 2017

Coronary chronic total occlusion

John M Galla1, Patrick L Whitlow

  • 1Division of Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic J2-3, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|December 8, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are common in coronary artery disease. Successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CTOs can improve heart function and survival, despite technical challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) affect approximately one-third of patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • CTOs represent a complex subset of coronary artery disease, posing significant interventional challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the technical difficulties, potential complications, and outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CTOs.
  • To provide an overview of the current landscape of CTO PCI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CTO PCI.
  • Analysis of technical approaches and strategies for CTO recanalization.
  • Discussion of complication rates and management.

Main Results:

  • CTO PCI is associated with lower success rates and higher complication rates compared to non-CTO lesions.
  • Successful CTO PCI has been linked to symptom reduction and improved cardiac function.
  • Improved survival has been reported following successful CTO interventions.

Conclusions:

  • CTO PCI presents unique technical hurdles and risks.
  • Despite challenges, successful CTO PCI offers significant clinical benefits for patients.
  • Further research and technique refinement are crucial for optimizing CTO PCI outcomes.

More Related Videos

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection08:22

Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

Published on: July 21, 2013

Evaluation of a Novel Laser-assisted Coronary Anastomotic Connector - the Trinity Clip - in a Porcine Off-pump Bypass Model12:00

Evaluation of a Novel Laser-assisted Coronary Anastomotic Connector - the Trinity Clip - in a Porcine Off-pump Bypass Model

Published on: November 24, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...