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Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
Published on: January 31, 2020
Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention
J Gerardo García-Lerma1, Lynn Paxton, Peter H Kilmarx
1Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. GGarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|December 8, 2009
Summary
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) using antiretroviral drugs like tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) shows promise in preventing HIV transmission. Further research is needed to confirm efficacy and drug accumulation in mucosal tissues for human use.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- * Global HIV spread necessitates novel biomedical interventions for transmission prevention.
- * Understanding mucosal HIV transmission challenges drives interest in antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review the scientific rationale for using PrEP to prevent HIV infection.
- * To discuss future research directions for PrEP, focusing on mucosal tissue drug penetration and target cell protection.
Main Methods:
- * Review of preclinical animal studies (macaques, humanized mice) involving SIV/HIV mucosal transmission.
- * Evaluation of daily or intermittent PrEP regimens with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC).
Main Results:
- * Animal models demonstrate that TDF/FTC PrEP can prevent infection by targeting early viral vulnerabilities.
- * Preclinical findings support the evaluation of PrEP safety and efficacy in human trials.
Conclusions:
- * PrEP represents a promising biomedical strategy to combat HIV transmission.
- * Further research must assess drug levels in mucosal tissues and protection of key cells during early HIV infection stages.
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