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Microelectrode Guided Implantation of Electrodes into the Subthalamic Nucleus of Rats for Long-term Deep Brain Stimulation
10:52

Microelectrode Guided Implantation of Electrodes into the Subthalamic Nucleus of Rats for Long-term Deep Brain Stimulation

Published on: October 2, 2015

High efficiency electrodes for deep brain stimulation.

Warren M Grill1, Xuefeng F Wei

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. warren.grill@duke.edu

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
|December 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Novel deep brain stimulator (DBS) electrode designs enhance neuronal stimulation efficiency. These high-perimeter electrodes reduce power consumption, potentially extending device life and minimizing replacement surgeries.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulators (DBS) rely on primary cell batteries requiring surgical replacement upon depletion.
  • Current DBS electrode designs may have suboptimal power efficiency.
  • Extending DBS device longevity is crucial for patient well-being and healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel electrode geometries for deep brain stimulators to enhance neuronal stimulating efficiency.
  • To reduce power consumption of DBS devices through improved electrode design.
  • To increase the lifespan of implanted DBS devices, thereby reducing the frequency of replacement surgeries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized finite element modeling to simulate cylindrical DBS electrodes with conventional and novel high-perimeter designs (serpentine, segmented).
  • Quantified neuronal activation by modeling 100 axons around electrodes and applying cathodic stimuli.
  • Analyzed input-output curves to determine the percentage of activated axons relative to stimulation intensity.

Main Results:

  • High-perimeter electrodes significantly increased current density variation on the electrode surface.
  • Novel electrode geometries demonstrated reduced power consumption: up to ~20% for parallel axons and ~35% for perpendicular axons.
  • Increased stimulation efficiency was observed with the novel electrode designs.

Conclusions:

  • Novel high-perimeter electrode designs for DBS can significantly improve stimulating efficiency.
  • These designs offer a potential reduction in power consumption, leading to extended device lifetime.
  • Reduced power needs can decrease the frequency of surgical interventions for battery replacement, lowering associated risks and costs.