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Optimization of 1-deoxynojirimycin extraction from mulberry leaves by using response surface methodology
Chaluntorn Vichasilp1, Kiyotaka Nakagawa, Phumon Sookwong
1Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry
|December 8, 2009
Summary
Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly improved the yield of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) from mulberry leaves. This optimized method enhances DNJ extraction efficiency for potential diabetes mellitus nutraceutical applications.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Chemistry
- Phytochemistry
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Mulberry leaves contain 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a compound with therapeutic potential for diabetes mellitus.
- The natural concentration of DNJ in mulberry leaves is low (approximately 0.1%), necessitating improved extraction techniques.
- Existing extraction methods are insufficient for efficient DNJ recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for maximizing 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) yield from mulberry leaves.
- To investigate the impact of various extraction parameters on DNJ yield and overall extraction productivity.
- To develop a DNJ-enriched powder suitable for nutraceutical applications.
Main Methods:
- A fractional factorial design (2((5-1))) was employed to screen five extraction factors: ethanol concentration, solvent-to-sample ratio, ultrasonic power, temperature, and time.
- Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to further optimize the significant factors identified in the screening phase.
- Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was the core technology applied for DNJ recovery.
Main Results:
- The solvent-to-sample ratio, ultrasonic power, and extraction time were identified as critical factors significantly impacting DNJ yield and extraction productivity.
- Optimized UAE conditions (7 ml/g solvent ratio, 180 W power, 260 s time) yielded a DNJ-enriched powder with 0.8% DNJ content.
- The optimized method achieved a high extraction efficiency of 98% and productivity of 20%.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasound-assisted extraction offers a highly efficient and productive method for extracting 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) from mulberry leaves.
- The developed DNJ-enriched powder meets the criteria for nutraceutical use, offering a promising natural product for managing diabetes mellitus.
- Optimization of UAE parameters is crucial for maximizing the recovery of valuable compounds like DNJ from plant sources.
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