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Related Experiment Video

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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment

Published on: September 20, 2020

Promoting transfer in memory training for older adults.

Elena Cavallini¹, John Dunlosky, Sara Bottiroli

¹Department of Psychology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. ecava@unipv.it

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research

|December 8, 2009

Summary

Older adults can improve memory with training, but benefits often don't transfer to new tasks. Instruction-based training, however, significantly enhances this transfer, suggesting older adults can apply learned strategies when instructed.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive psychology
Gerontology
Adult learning

Background:

Memory training in aging populations can improve performance.
Benefits of memory training rarely generalize to untrained tasks.
Investigating instruction-based training for transfer effects in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if instruction-based training promotes transfer effects in older adults.
To assess the impact of explicit instructions on applying learned memory strategies.
To explore reasons for the lack of transfer in previous memory training studies.

Main Methods:

Experiment 1: Trained older adults on mnemonics with instructions for some transfer tasks.
Experiment 2: Compared transfer effects between groups receiving strategy practice with and without explicit instructions for all transfer tasks.
Transfer tasks included text learning, name-face learning, grocery list learning, and place learning.

Main Results:

Transfer occurred in text learning, a dissimilar task, in both experiments.
Transfer was significantly greater when training included instructions on strategy applicability.
Explicit instructions enhanced the application of trained memory strategies to new learning contexts.

Conclusions:

Instruction-based training is a promising technique for promoting transfer in older adults.
Lack of transfer may stem from a failure to recognize strategy applicability, not inherent inability.
Explicit guidance on applying learned strategies is crucial for effective cognitive transfer in aging.