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Functioning and disability in the vegetative state: results from a pilot study in Italy
Matilde Leonardi1, Davide Sattin, Alberto Raggi
1Neurological Institute C. Besta IRCCS Foundation, Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Scientific Directorate, Via Celoria 11, Milan, Italy. leonardi@istituto-besto.it
This pilot study tested the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) checklist for patients in a vegetative state (VS). The ICF framework proved applicable, particularly in the activity and participation domain, with environmental factors acting as facilitators.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Neuroscience
- Disability Studies
Background:
- Vegetative state (VS) presents significant challenges in assessing patient functioning and disability.
- The biopsychosocial model offers a comprehensive framework for understanding health conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe functioning and disability in patients with vegetative state (VS) using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework.
- To evaluate the applicability of the ICF checklist in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- A pilot study involving 21 patients in VS admitted to long-stay hospitals.
- Trained professionals completed the ICF checklist for each patient.
- Descriptive analysis of ICF category utilization.
Main Results:
- The ICF checklist demonstrated applicability, especially within the activity and participation domains.
- Few body functions and structures were reported as problematic (<20% of patients).
- Environmental factors were predominantly identified as facilitators.
Conclusions:
- The ICF checklist is applicable for assessing patients in VS, particularly for activity and participation.
- Facilitating environmental factors play a significant role.
- This study provides a foundation for future research on VS and minimally conscious states.
