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Related Concept Videos

Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...

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Detection of Rabies IgG and IgM Antibodies Using the Rabies Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test
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Postexposure rabies prophylaxis completed in 1 week: preliminary study.

Prapimporn Shantavasinkul1, Thanphet Tantawichien, Henry Wilde

  • 1Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, The Thai Red Cross Society (World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Research on Rabies Pathogenesis and Prevention), Bangkok, Thailand. sprapimporn@gmail.com

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|December 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new 1-week rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen using 4-site intradermal injections shows promise. This shortened schedule increases antibody levels and may improve patient compliance for complete rabies vaccination.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) often requires multiple clinic visits, leading to patient inconvenience and potential non-compliance.
  • Developing a shorter PEP regimen can reduce patient costs and improve adherence to complete treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel 1-week rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimen.
  • To assess the immunogenicity and feasibility of a shortened PEP schedule compared to a standard regimen.

Main Methods:

  • A 4-site intradermal injection of Vero cell rabies vaccine was administered on days 0, 3, and 7, with or without equine rabies immunoglobulin.
  • A control group received the standard WHO-approved Thai Red Cross regimen (2-site intradermal injections on days 0, 3, 7, 28, and 90).
  • Rabies neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were measured up to day 360.

Main Results:

  • The 4-site intradermal regimen, with or without immunoglobulin, induced significantly higher NAb titers on days 14 and 28 compared to the control group.
  • All participants in all groups achieved the recommended NAb level of ≥0.5 IU/mL by day 14 and 28.
  • Long-term NAb levels (up to 360 days) did not significantly differ among the groups.

Conclusions:

  • The 1-week PEP regimen meets WHO requirements for NAb levels by day 14 and 28.
  • This shortened regimen demonstrates increased immunogenicity and offers a convenient option for rabies prevention, suitable for various clinic settings.
  • The 4-site intradermal approach is efficient, utilizing vaccine volume effectively.